Cracks, sunken patches and water that sits on the surface after rain all point to the same underlying issue: the sub-base has moved, settled, or was never prepared correctly for the ground beneath it. On Cambridge clay, ground movement is common, and a surface laid without a compacted MOT Type 1 sub-base will show these symptoms within a few years. Before deciding between a repair and a full replacement, a base condition check confirms whether the existing groundwork is structurally sound. If it is, resurfacing with asphalt, concrete or resin bound aggregate is a viable lower-disruption option. If the base has shifted or the drainage falls are wrong, laying a new surface over the top means the same problems return within a season.
When a full installation is the right call, the work breaks into four stages: excavation to the correct depth for the ground type, compaction of a MOT Type 1 sub-base, drainage fall and channel drain installation, and then the surface course itself. The surface choice, resin bound aggregate, block paving, tarmac or gravel, depends on the drainage requirements, the daily use, and the planning context. Resin bound and gravel surfaces are permeable, so rainwater passes through rather than running off. That matters because impermeable surfaces over domestic front gardens larger than five square metres must comply with Building Regulations surface water drainage requirements. Permeable surfaces avoid that requirement in most cases, and also avoid the need for a planning application on most front drives.
Dropped kerb access is a separate regulatory step that needs to be sorted before any driveway work begins at the highway boundary. Cambridgeshire County Council issues highway consent under Section 184 of the Highways Act 1980, checks for underground services, and specifies the crossing width required. Submitting the application after the driveway is already laid adds weeks to the timeline and can mean the access point is in the wrong position. If the property is in a Cambridge Conservation Area, additional planning permission may also be required before any changes to the front garden surface are made. A site survey covers all of these checks before any material is selected or any work is committed to.